Courses allow tutors to provide learners with plenty of learning resources in the form of course elements. Depending on the access settings, the entire course or individual content may be visible to different groups of users.
Course participation
To enable active participation in a course, enrolment course elements are integrated. Learners who enrol in a course are assigned to a learning group associated with the course. These learning groups are mostly used to manage course participants. For example, course owners can use group administration to receive a list of participants and actively manage their participation in the course.
InformationAccess to course content can be controlled via customisable filters. With the appropriate filters, the course can be made available only to registered participants, thereby preventing unauthorised access to the course. For more information, see the section Publishing courses and course content.
How to find courses
Catalogue
The Catalogue tab provides an overview of existing courses and other learning resources. However, only courses and content that the author has integrated into this catalogue and made visible to all users will be displayed.
Search
You can also search for courses by using the search field in the upper-right corner of the learning platform. Further information can be found at Search and find content.

Teach & Learn
Another way to access your courses is via the tab Teach & Learn. Under My courses, you will find a further subdivision into the courses you supervise and those in which you are registered as a participant.
Portlet "Attending"
The Attending portlet on the home page lists all courses in which you are enrolled as a participant. It also allows you to open a selected course directly. More on portlets can be found at Personalise your home page.
How to bookmark courses
Mark courses as favourites
In the upper right area of each course, you will find the function Mark as favourite.

Once a course has been marked, it will be highlighted with a coloured star. It will then appear on the home page in the Favourites portlet and under Teach & Learn in the Favourites section. From there, the course can be accessed directly.
Open courses via learning groups
If you are enrolled in a course group (e.g. via the Enrolment course element), you can also find this course via the corresponding group as follows: In the Teach & Learn tab in the page navigation, select the entry My courses (in which I am active) and click on the corresponding group entry.

Overview and functions in an open course
According to your user role and the rights assigned to you for the course, the following areas are visible in the course view:
- Functional areas and functional modes (1)
- General and advanced functions (2)
- Navigation area (3)
- Content area (4)
See the page Course for an overview and explanation of the individual areas.

Changing the Course Language
Courses may be offered in other languages. The course language displayed depends on your individual user or browser settings.
For courses that are already available in multiple languages, you can change the language directly in the course settings:
- Go to the general functions area in the top right corner and click on the small triangle icon next to the star icon.
- A drop-down menu will open, in which the Language entry is available.
- Activate your preferred course language here by clicking on it.
Leave courses
To withdraw from a course, you need to leave the associated learning group. Choose one of the following options:
- via the tab Teach & Learn
- Open the tab Teach & Learn and select My Groups – Participating.
- You will be shown a list of the groups in which you participate. Click on
in the Actions column to leave the group. - Confirm the dialogue with Leave group.

- via the course element enrolment
- Open the course and select the element Enrolment. Click on Withdraw.
- Confirm the dialogue with Withdraw.

Failed to execute the [velocity] macro. Cause: [The execution of the [velocity] script macro is not allowed in [xwiki:LMS.Benutzerhandbuch OPAL.Lernen.Arbeit in Kursen.WebHome]. Check the rights of its last author or the parameters if it's rendered from another script.]. Click on this message for details.
org.xwiki.rendering.macro.MacroExecutionException: The execution of the [velocity] script macro is not allowed in [xwiki:LMS.Benutzerhandbuch OPAL.Lernen.Arbeit in Kursen.WebHome]. Check the rights of its last author or the parameters if it's rendered from another script.
at org.xwiki.rendering.macro.script.AbstractScriptMacro.execute(AbstractScriptMacro.java:178)
at org.xwiki.rendering.macro.script.AbstractScriptMacro.execute(AbstractScriptMacro.java:58)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.transformation.macro.MacroTransformation.transform(MacroTransformation.java:441)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.transformation.DefaultRenderingContext.transformInContext(DefaultRenderingContext.java:183)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.transformation.DefaultTransformationManager.performTransformations(DefaultTransformationManager.java:88)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.DocumentContentAsyncExecutor.executeInCurrentExecutionContext(DocumentContentAsyncExecutor.java:397)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.DocumentContentAsyncExecutor.execute(DocumentContentAsyncExecutor.java:269)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.DocumentContentAsyncRenderer.execute(DocumentContentAsyncRenderer.java:112)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.AbstractBlockAsyncRenderer.render(AbstractBlockAsyncRenderer.java:157)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.AbstractBlockAsyncRenderer.render(AbstractBlockAsyncRenderer.java:54)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.syncRender(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:295)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:272)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.execute(DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.java:125)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.DocumentContentDisplayer.display(DocumentContentDisplayer.java:93)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.DocumentContentDisplayer.display(DocumentContentDisplayer.java:46)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.DefaultDocumentDisplayer.display(DefaultDocumentDisplayer.java:96)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.DefaultDocumentDisplayer.display(DefaultDocumentDisplayer.java:39)
at org.xwiki.sheet.internal.SheetDocumentDisplayer.display(SheetDocumentDisplayer.java:123)
at org.xwiki.sheet.internal.SheetDocumentDisplayer.display(SheetDocumentDisplayer.java:52)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.ConfiguredDocumentDisplayer.display(ConfiguredDocumentDisplayer.java:68)
at org.xwiki.display.internal.ConfiguredDocumentDisplayer.display(ConfiguredDocumentDisplayer.java:42)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.display(XWikiDocument.java:1433)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.getRenderedContent(XWikiDocument.java:1569)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.displayDocument(XWikiDocument.java:1519)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.displayDocument(XWikiDocument.java:1488)
at com.xpn.xwiki.api.Document.displayDocument(Document.java:822)
at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor738.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:569)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.doInvoke(UberspectImpl.java:571)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.invoke(UberspectImpl.java:554)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTMethod.execute(ASTMethod.java:221)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.execute(ASTReference.java:368)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.value(ASTReference.java:704)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTExpression.value(ASTExpression.java:75)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTSetDirective.render(ASTSetDirective.java:242)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTIfStatement.render(ASTIfStatement.java:190)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.xwiki.velocity.internal.directive.TryCatchDirective.render(TryCatchDirective.java:86)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTDirective.render(ASTDirective.java:304)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:358)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:262)
at org.xwiki.velocity.internal.InternalVelocityEngine.evaluate(InternalVelocityEngine.java:233)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.VelocityTemplateEvaluator.evaluateContent(VelocityTemplateEvaluator.java:107)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.evaluateContent(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:219)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.renderVelocity(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:174)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:135)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:54)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.lambda$syncRender$0(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:289)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorExecutor.call(DefaultAuthorExecutor.java:98)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.syncRender(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:289)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:272)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.java:154)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:869)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:831)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:818)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderNoException(InternalTemplateManager.java:773)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderNoException(InternalTemplateManager.java:765)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.renderNoException(DefaultTemplateManager.java:79)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.renderNoException(DefaultTemplateManager.java:73)
at org.xwiki.template.script.TemplateScriptService.render(TemplateScriptService.java:54)
at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor264.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:569)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.doInvoke(UberspectImpl.java:571)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.invoke(UberspectImpl.java:554)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTMethod.execute(ASTMethod.java:221)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.execute(ASTReference.java:368)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.render(ASTReference.java:492)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.VelocimacroProxy.render(VelocimacroProxy.java:217)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.RuntimeMacro.render(RuntimeMacro.java:331)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.RuntimeMacro.render(RuntimeMacro.java:261)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTDirective.render(ASTDirective.java:304)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:358)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:262)
at org.xwiki.velocity.internal.InternalVelocityEngine.evaluate(InternalVelocityEngine.java:233)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.VelocityTemplateEvaluator.evaluateContent(VelocityTemplateEvaluator.java:107)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.evaluateContent(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:219)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.renderVelocity(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:174)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:135)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:54)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.lambda$syncRender$0(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:289)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorExecutor.call(DefaultAuthorExecutor.java:98)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.syncRender(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:289)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:272)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.java:154)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:869)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:831)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:818)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderNoException(InternalTemplateManager.java:773)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderNoException(InternalTemplateManager.java:765)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.renderNoException(DefaultTemplateManager.java:79)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.renderNoException(DefaultTemplateManager.java:73)
at org.xwiki.template.script.TemplateScriptService.render(TemplateScriptService.java:54)
at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor264.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:569)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.doInvoke(UberspectImpl.java:571)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.invoke(UberspectImpl.java:554)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTMethod.execute(ASTMethod.java:221)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.execute(ASTReference.java:368)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.render(ASTReference.java:492)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.VelocimacroProxy.render(VelocimacroProxy.java:217)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.RuntimeMacro.render(RuntimeMacro.java:331)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.RuntimeMacro.render(RuntimeMacro.java:261)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTDirective.render(ASTDirective.java:304)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTIfStatement.render(ASTIfStatement.java:171)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTIfStatement.render(ASTIfStatement.java:190)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:358)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:262)
at org.xwiki.velocity.internal.InternalVelocityEngine.evaluate(InternalVelocityEngine.java:233)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.VelocityTemplateEvaluator.evaluateContent(VelocityTemplateEvaluator.java:107)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.evaluateContent(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:219)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.renderVelocity(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:174)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:135)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:54)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.lambda$syncRender$0(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:289)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorExecutor.call(DefaultAuthorExecutor.java:98)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.syncRender(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:289)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:272)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.java:154)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:869)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:831)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:811)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:797)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.render(DefaultTemplateManager.java:91)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.render(DefaultTemplateManager.java:85)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.evaluateTemplate(XWiki.java:2552)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.Utils.parseTemplate(Utils.java:180)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.XWikiAction.execute(XWikiAction.java:651)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.XWikiAction.execute(XWikiAction.java:339)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.LegacyActionServlet.service(LegacyActionServlet.java:111)
at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:197)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.ActionFilter.doFilter(ActionFilter.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.xwiki.wysiwyg.filter.ConversionFilter.doFilter(ConversionFilter.java:71)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:57)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.SetHTTPHeaderFilter.doFilter(SetHTTPHeaderFilter.java:66)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.xwiki.resource.servlet.RoutingFilter.doFilter(RoutingFilter.java:135)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.SavedRequestRestorerFilter.doFilter(SavedRequestRestorerFilter.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.SafeRedirectFilter.doFilter(SafeRedirectFilter.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.ResolveRelativeRedirectFilter.doFilter(ResolveRelativeRedirectFilter.java:129)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.SourceURLResolverFilter.doFilter(SourceURLResolverFilter.java:177)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:120)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:142)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:165)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:535)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:115)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:86)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:71)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteIpValve.invoke(RemoteIpValve.java:773)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:348)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:71)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:1307)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:2032)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:74)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:976)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:494)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:80)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:840)